this post was submitted on 15 Apr 2025
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Help with sed commands (lemmy.dbzer0.com)
submitted 1 week ago* (last edited 1 week ago) by orsetto@lemmy.dbzer0.com to c/linux@lemmy.ml
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Hi all! I have always only used sed with s///, becouse I've never been able to figure out how to properly make use of its full capabilities. Right now, I'm trying to filter the output of df -h --output=avail,source to only get the available space from /dev/dm-2 (let's ignore that I just realized df accepts a device as parameter, which clearly solves my problem).

This is the command I'm using, which works:

df -h --output=avail,source \
    | grep /dev/dm-2 \
    | sed -E 's/^[[:blank:]]*([0-9]+(G|M|K)).*$/\1/

However, it makes use of grep, and I'd like to get rid of it. So I've tried with a combiantion of t, T, //d and some other stuff, but onestly the output I get makes no sense to me, and I can't figure out what I should do instead.

In short, my question is: given the following output

$ df -h --output=avail,source 
Avail Filesystem
  87G /dev/dm-2
 1.6G tmpfs
  61K efivarfs
  10M dev
...

How do I only get 87G using only sed as a filter?

EDIT:

Nevermind, I've figured it out...

$ df -h --output=avail,source \
    | sed -E 's/^[[:blank:]]*([0-9]+(G|M|K))[[:blank:]]+(\/dev\/dm-2).*$/\1/; t; /.*/d'
85G
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[–] orsetto@lemmy.dbzer0.com 1 points 1 week ago* (last edited 1 week ago) (1 children)

!/dev/dm-2!!p

This weired me out until I read the explanation. I'm so used to the slashes lol

In the end I've used the first command you wrote, because KISS, but I appreciate your explanation

Check the sed man page for more details

Yes that's been my only source so far, but to be honest it's really cryptic. it might just be that I'm used to syscalls man pages (also sed is kinda complex it can't be easy to write a single man page for it)

[–] unlawfulbooger@lemmy.blahaj.zone 1 points 1 week ago (1 children)

In the end I've used the first command you wrote, because KISS, but I appreciate your explanation

There’s no shame in combining multiple tools, that’s what pipelines are all about 😄.

Also there’s a different tool that I would use if I want to output a specific column: awk

df -h —output=avail,source | awk ‘/\/dev\/dm-2/ {print $1}’

For lines matching /dev/dm-2 print the first column. awk splits columns on whitespace by default.

But I would probably use grep+awk.

Sed is definitely a very powerful tool, which leads to complex documentation. But I really like the filtering options before using the search/replace.

You can select specific lines, with regex or by using a line number; or you can select multiple lines by using a comma to specify a range.

E.g. /mystring/,100s/input/output/g: in the lines starting from the first match of /mystring/ until line 100, replace input with output

[–] orsetto@lemmy.dbzer0.com 2 points 2 hours ago

There’s no shame in combining multiple tools, that’s what pipelines are all about

Not at all, but some times it's just funny

You can select specific lines, with regex or by using a line number; or you can select multiple lines by using a comma to specify a range.

Yep, learning this made sed even more useful to me.

I also gave awk a try and now i know what i've missed all these years

(Also, sorry for the 12 days old reply :))