I dabble in ham radio stuff, you can (and many people do) send data, video, etc. using ham radio equipment. It's a bit more specialized than just sending voice or Morse code, but it's absolutely doable.
Not amateur radio, but back in about the 80s there were even a couple countries that experimented with distributing computer programs over regular FM radio. They'd play some electronic buzzing noises that you'd record to a tape then to run it as a program. I know the BBC did it, and I believe Finland also had a radio station doing it for a bit.
In a world where the internet as we know it never came together, I could definitely imagine those sorts of technologies evolving into something that still looks a hell of a lot like the internet.
I was recently reading some Wikipedia article on my phone and when I was scrolling I accidentally hit a button to edit it and was greeted by a message that my IP was banned from editing for the next 10 months.
I haven't even attempted to edit Wikipedia in probably 20 years. Admittedly last time I did I was probably about 14 years old, and it may have been some juvenile vandalism, but somehow I don't think that they managed to trace me from a computer in my high school library to my current cell phone, or that anything I did warranted a 21 year ban
So obviously it's because phones using cellular Internet go through IP addresses only slightly less often than most people breathe.
It feels like that sort of IP ban really isn't particularly useful. The vandals probably aren't usually on that address and most of the time it's getting used by random people who probably don't even think about editing Wikipedia.