F-Droid and Obtanium are going away for normal android users.
It is deliberately difficult, and this whole thing is absolutely about Google making more money by tightening control of the ecosystem, not about security.
A nice summary from https://keepandroidopen.org/
Nine steps, 24-hour wait, buried in Developer Options, delivered through a proprietary service that Google can revoke whenever they want. That's not sideloading. That's a deterrence mechanism built to ensure almost nobody completes it. And since it runs through Play Services rather than the OS, Google can tighten or kill it silently