What does lowercase have to do with anything?
The only thing that differentiates an acronym from an initialism is if it’s easily pronounceable as a word.
GUI is. GIF is. PDF is not. NASA is, NSA is not. SCUBA is. LASER is. FBI, ATM, URL, FYI are not.
That’s really it. UEFI doesn’t have a real direct pronunciation to it. So it’s just U-E-F-I.