I have made flutter apps without Android Studio. You basically needed to download the SDK which is FOSS, and then tell your IDE where it is. This process may be a little tedious. Android Studio makes everything easy, like automatically downloading the SDK, setting up emulators etc. I jsed VSCodium back then.
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You could use intelij idea open (you can find it on flathub, it is marked as FOSS) with the android plugin will give you a similar experience to Android Studio. It worked for me well and I think all things were FOSS.
I've also just started learning Android dev, avoiding Android Studio. So far I've followed this blog and have a Java "Hello World" app building out of a makefile (without even Gradle!), but using the Google SDK and build tools.
I believe the build tools are FOSS, but I didn't know that about the SDK; just searching now Replicant has some links to FOSS SDK-related things but that page hasn't been updated in 2 years and nothing seems very easy. Would be interested to hear if you manage to get a FOSS version working.
I build a Tauri app without Android Studio, with 'cargo tauri android build'. you still need the android SDK.
I tried with neovim plus SDK, had to give up due to lack of decent LSPs I think, they were all old, unmaintained. Android Studio really sucks all the oxygen out of the room.
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