homelab

I've installed an APC BX950MI-GR and connected it to my Proxmox server via USB. It works: it turns off the server after x minutes after the power loss and it gets turned off by the command upsdrvctl shutdown, when the powers come back on, the UPS turns on and so does the server. The problem is if the power comes back after the server receive the power off signal and before the UPS powers off, in this case the UPS simply goes back in the normal state and the server...stays off. How can I turn it back on? Thanks!

Hi, I'm trying to pass an HD770 from a i5-14600K to a jellyfin container that's on Open Media Vault. I keep thinking I have the correct firmware downloaded but I guess that's not the case.

The GPU is fully passed through via Proxmox.

Hypervisor: 6.14.5-1-bpo12-pve

OpenMediaVault: 6.12.32+bpo-amd64

lspci | grep -i vga:

00:10.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Raptor Lake-S GT1 [UHD Graphics 770] (rev 04)

dmesg | grep -i drm:

[    2.084954] i915 0000:00:10.0: [drm] Failed to find VBIOS tables (VBT)
[    2.093499] i915 0000:00:10.0: [drm] *ERROR* DMC firmware has wrong CSS header length (1097158924 bytes)
[    2.093502] i915 0000:00:10.0: [drm] Failed to parse DMC firmware i915/adls_dmc_ver2_01.bin (-EINVAL). Disabling runtime power management.
[    3.998600] i915 0000:00:10.0: [drm] [ENCODER:240:DDI A/PHY A] failed to retrieve link info, disabling eDP
[    4.001294] i915 0000:00:10.0: [drm] *ERROR* GT0: GuC firmware i915/tgl_guc_70.bin: size (2134KB) exceeds max supported size (2048KB)
[    4.003303] i915 0000:00:10.0: [drm] GT0: GuC firmware i915/tgl_guc_70.1.1.bin: unexpected header size: 1841953 != 128
[    4.003305] i915 0000:00:10.0: [drm] *ERROR* GT0: GuC firmware i915/tgl_guc_70.1.1.bin: fetch failed -EPROTO
[    4.003307] i915 0000:00:10.0: [drm] GT0: GuC firmware(s) can be downloaded from https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/firmware/linux-firmware.git/tree/i915
[    4.004270] i915 0000:00:10.0: [drm] GT0: GuC firmware i915/tgl_guc_70.1.1.bin version 0.0.0
[    4.004331] i915 0000:00:10.0: [drm] *ERROR* GT0: GuC initialization failed -ENOEXEC
[    4.004333] i915 0000:00:10.0: [drm] *ERROR* GT0: Enabling uc failed (-5)
[    4.004334] i915 0000:00:10.0: [drm] *ERROR* GT0: Failed to initialize GPU, declaring it wedged!

I have adls_dmc_ver2_01.bin, tgl_guc_70.1.1.bin, and tgl_guc_70.bin all within /lib/firmware/i915/

This docker container returns this

docker run --rm \
  --device /dev/dri:/dev/dri \
  --entrypoint ffmpeg \
  ghcr.io/linuxserver/ffmpeg \
  -init_hw_device qsv=hw:/dev/dri/renderD128 \
  -hwaccel qsv -hwaccel_device hw -hwaccel_output_format qsv \
  -f lavfi -i testsrc=duration=3:size=1280x720:rate=30 \
  -vf 'format=nv12,hwupload=extra_hw_frames=64' \
  -c:v h264_qsv -f null -

[AVHWDeviceContext @ 0x56479ec06c00] libva: /usr/local/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/dri/iHD_drv_video.so init failed
[AVHWDeviceContext @ 0x56479ec06c00] Failed to initialise VAAPI connection: 1 (operation failed).
Device creation failed: -5.
Failed to set value 'qsv=hw:/dev/dri/renderD128' for option 'init_hw_device': Input/output error
Error parsing global options: Input/output error

I'm at a loss and pulling my hair out.

Well I have been using an old gaming PC as NAS after it's GPU died, and even though it has served me greatly, it's a power hog. Also CPU is pretty old to do any transcoding or AI stuff. I have scored a mini PC with Intel N5105 for free, and its quite power efficient. Also it doesn't have SATA, but two nvme m2 slots, one of which can work with these m2 Sata adapters (asm1166 chip with 6 SATA ports). Now minipc obviously can't power up the 5 hardrives, all 3.5" SATA, so I need an external power supply. minipc got it's own adapter brick, so is there a similar adapter that can work for drives, or I have to get a PSU. But then again, If I am getting a PSU, I wonder if I could power the MiniPC off it as well.

I did came across this , and was wondering if this could be that would work for me.

(Removed from selfhost@lemmy.world since it was apparently not related to self host)

Hello, Since 2 weeks I investigate in my whole homelab the cause of an issue. Let me explain it :

I experience slow network speed when accessing my services from outside (outside local network without a VPN to connect directly into it).

Context :

My local network is all in 1Gb, my ISP download and upload speeds are 500Mb each.

Setup :

Since a while I set up a Librespeed server to be able to benchmark speed to my homelab from everywhere. When doing a direct connection from GbE pc to server, I get perfectly 1000Mb (more or less) symmetric speeds.

I was running caddy to reverse proxy it, and basically when connecting trough the domain (therefore trough the proxy) locally I got 980Mb (Surely the overhead that is caused by https and having one more hope).

(And I need to mention that when doing fast[dot]com, speedtest[dot]net or even librespeed[dot]org speedtests I got roughly 500Mb symmetric speeds, my ISP wasn’t lying)

So for now all of it is okay and working as intended.

Issue :

Here comes the problem when doing a speed test to my server (so trough speed.example.com) from a friend computer (who got 450 and 400 Mb on librespeed[dot]org servers), he got around 100Mb download (so homelab upload) and 400Mb up.

Tried other scenarios, from my home (the same where is located the homelab), I connect to the internet trough protonVPN or windscribe (all free tier).

While I was getting around 300-400Mb from librespeed[dot]org servers. I was sometimes getting 7-8Mb from speed.example.com (my libre speed install).

Even when working better I only got something like 80 down and 200 up, better but I was always really lower than popular speedtests or just a bit that could be somehow be margin error (around 40Mb on 400Mb), but was always here, it was not able to get right speeds.

Potential issue with librespeed :

Thinking that librespeed was not working good, so I tried to make a file transfer in file browser service, (Tried going trough and around caddy), getting around 100-110MB per sec without any VPN, going down to 8MB when transferring from the VPN.

Iperf got the same results around 100Mb of transfer speed going from VPN instead of 500Mb.

Maybe this isn’t really clear but I’d be really happy and respectful if someone could help me with this. Feel free to ask questions. :)

EDIT : tried to use nginx but this was even worse as even locally the speeds are not stable at all (not able to have full gigs local speeds) But don’t worry this is an other problem I will maybe resolve later

And little question, does WAN 500/500 speeds means that I can use 500Mb up and down at the same time, or that I can only use 250 each a the same time?

I'm in love!

Hey all, So I want to upgrade my mini-PC based homeserver, which is slowly dying to a NAS/homeserver. Right now it hosts a Homeassitant istance and some photos.

Initially I wanted to use the jonsbo N4 case, because it has the perfect size and i could use cheap uATX boards. But others reported bad cooling with this case. So two Options: Jonsbo N3 - limited to mini ITX Jonsbo N5 - rather big and a bit more expensive

So what's your opinion on this ? Thanks !

Hey All,

I bought a Startech server rack that has a top punchout panel for cable management. Unfortunately it's just raw metal around the edges and I don't want to damage the cables I pull through there so I was looking for a brush grommel like the one I have linked in this post. The one I found isn't for the rack I have but it's an example of what I'm looking for. I've seen a lot of horizontal, 1U panels to put in but I'm specifically looking for something to go around an already existing hole, vertically, in the top of the rack.

Does anyone know of any universal kits I could get? Something I could cut to length?

Or do you have different solutions for how you protect your cables like I need? I was thinking a real hack solution could be to just wrap some dead cable in electrical tape and tape it around the edge of the punchout hole but I wanted to see if there was a more official grommel solution of some kind.

Thanks!

I have had Proxmox running nightly backups and saving them to my NAS for years now without any issues. I've been thinking that it would also be nice to have these copied over to my cloud storage (some smaller company, no available plugins).

I know Proxmox Backup Server exists, but not much more than that other than it can backup to popular cloud providers.

The cloud provider I have has a Linux client that will create a shared folder on the system. My thought was to mount the Proxmox VM backup location with CIFS, install my cloud client and then write a script to run as a cronjob that would copy files from the Proxmox VM to the cloud folder each night.

This feels a bit clunky so I just wanted to ask if anyone knew of a better solution.

Last week my trusty UniFi US-8-150W caught some stray something from a lightning strike in our backyard. I'm keeping it around to see if I can fix it, but we work from home here so I'm using this as an excuse for some new gear.

APs are UniFi and I'm happy with the management for those (UniFi Network in a container) but am considering Mikrotik options for switching.

I'd like 14+ total ports with at least some 2.5 GbE. I need 6+ PoE+ ports with at least 60 W total (normal load is around 56 W). I'm looking at:

• UniFi option
  • UniFi Flex 2.5G PoE
  • UniFi AC Adapter 210W (seemingly always out of stock)
  • UniFi Lite 8 PoE
• Mikrotik option
  • CRS310-8G+2S+IN
  • RB5009UPr+S+IN (could replace the EdgeRouter X as well)

Both options have some compromises and some overkill, which is part of the reason I think I must be missing some better option. Also, space is a consideration. I'd like to stick with 10"-ish format so I don't have to completely rework my physical setup.

(Also, hi! New to Lemmy but not the fediverse in general.)

What would be good specs for small but power-efficient NAS. I want it to be budget friendly, I would probably look for 2nd hand stuff. I plan to use it for media storage (most likely immich) and the arr stack + jellyfin.

Give me suggestions

cross-posted from: https://lemmy.world/post/32242829

Chapters 00:00 Intro 01:47 Buying cheap and power hungry homelab gear 04:53 How to configure C-States? 07:59 Does Powertop hurt your performance? 08:43 How to find out what prevents HDD spindown? 10:05 Is an all-SSD NAS worth it? 12:21 ARM-powered homelab? 13:51 Exposing your homelab services? 16:40 TrueNAS/Unraid vs. a regular Linux distro? 17:59 My backup strategy 19:32 Getting friends and family into backups 20:05 Cheap VPS for hosting Headscale 20:48 To UPS or not to UPS? 21:39 My storage setup

I was poking around for a USB C 5G/LTE modem that I can run either off my laptop or plug into my router as a secondary WAN. Has anyone messed with something like this?

The secondary WAN is common, but I usually need some sort of DC power input instead of a single USB C cable that I can put into my laptop.

Hey all,

I have some questions and this community has been great with my other ones, I'm hoping you can help me out with these too.

This is the diagram of how I think I want my physical network laid out.

Hardware:

The patch panel has LAN cables I installed in the walls on ports 1-20. The ISP feed comes into the patch panel on port 21.

I was looking at getting a Cisco CBS-220 but I found out that those are EOS/EOL and the Catalyst 1200/1300 replaces them. Also that the C1200/1300's aren't actual Catalyst switches but that's beside the point. I couldn't find exact stencils for the C1300 but just know the Catalyst in the picture is supposed to be a 48 port C1300 with 10G SFP+ ports on the right side.

The Netgate is an 8200. According to Netgate's specs, the 8200 LAN ports operate at 2.5G and if I wanted faster, I'd have to upgrade to the 8300 plus some expansion cards. No need for that.

Questions:

1. Does this diagram make sense? I want everything in my LAN to be protected and controlled by the Netgate. By connecting the switch to the LAN port of the Netgate and then the WAN of the Netgate to the internet feed, I feel like that accomplishes that goal.

2. Can the C1300 be connected like this? I would need to get a 10G SFP+ for ethernet, not fibre, which I haven't looked for yet. I know with fiber you have to be careful to match both sides of the connection with the same speed otherwise they won't work. Does the same hold true for ethernet SFP's? Meaning, if I find a 10G ethernet SFP+ (since that's what the Catalyst port is rated for) and plug it into a cable going to the 2.5G LAN port on the Netgate, will they communicate properly?

Linux systems unable to reach out to internet behind pfsense while Windows work fine.

I am trying to set up my #homelab for #forensics and I have encountered a very weird issue. I am running an internal pfsense #firewall for my environment. On this firewall there are 3 interfaces: WAN and two Isolated Labs.

On the "WAN" interface, both #linux and windows systems are able to access the internet without any problems.

But on the other two lans - named Infrastructure and Lab - the Linux systems are not able to connect to the internet after booting, while the systems are able to communicate with each other. In order to get them working I need to go the respective interface and make any change there and save the page, practically refreshing the settings on the interface. After this all currently online linux systems on that interface are working as expected and connectivity is restored. As you can imagine this is a huge pain, especially when I am testing things and I need to turn on various systems at different times. If i put the systems on the WAN interface they face no issue at all, so what could be the solution here for fixing connectivity for linux systems on the other interfaces?

edit: it issue is both on pfsense 2.7.2 and 2.8.0

@homelab
@pfSense

#dfir #proxmox #dfir #homelab #firewall #pfsense #networking #network

Hey all,

Building out my lab, I was going to get a rackmount UPS. The one I'm looking at is a Cyberpower OR1500LCDRM1U. It says it offers:

1500 VA, 900 W, 120 V

Do I understand correctly that all I need to do is find the Wattage rating for each of the components I want to plug in and add them up? My components right now are pretty light, only about 120 watts total. But soon I'm going to expand and build out a Nutanix CE cluster with 3 nodes and a rack of drives. I was looking at using some NUCs but they are each rated at 330W.

So that would mean even the NUCs by themselves would over-provision the UPS right? Then on top of that I would still need all the other equipment in the rack to be powered.

Am I understanding this correctly or is there something I'm missing?

I have an R320 that has 4 SAS drives 10TB each, which holds a lot of my data + backups from other systems, I also have an R710 which runs a lot of heavy workloads for my homelab, now I have to move to the other side of the EU and I don't know what to do with that lab, the electricy cost on the new country will be around 0.33c per Kw, while now I was paying under .10c.

Here are the options that I have considered

Take R320 with me As the SAS drives are in a unique configuration in xcp-ng it would be the safest option to transport the drives in a secure case with me and have the R320 moved to the new country, where I will set it up again and have some of my VMs and data.

Make current pc the new server I have a quite powerful and recent pc build from 4 years ago, I was thinking of buying SAS pcie interfaces for my PC so I can cinvert it to a server and be able to read the SAS drives, but this is a bit expensive and requires me to buy a new computer for my self.

Also, as I won't be keeping the R710, I was thinking of buying a few lenevo sff mini PCs and setting up a low power virtualization cluster and using the R320 or my PC as the storage medium.

I have also backed up everything to storj and the most important data are also synced to a few cloud storage providers for safe keeping.

How would you handle something like that? Would you start from scratch or try to bring as much as you can? I plan to invest at max 1k in rebuilding if needed but I would like to avoid it if possible, the SAS drives are enterprise grade and bought just a year ago so I would like to keep using them.

Hey everyone,

I'm back with another question. I'm looking at switches and have it narrowed down to two options:

Cisco Catalyst 1200-24T-4X

Cisco Business CBS220-24T-4X

I'm going to have a Netgate as my main router in the house but I am also going to have a dev environment that I don't necessarily want interacting with my regular network. Originally I was thinking of just getting an unmanaged switch but I might like having some light VLAN capabilities of a managed switch that I can have the option of using.

I don't have any use right now for PoE devices so I don't need the switch to do that. I'm having a hard time figuring out exactly what the differences are between the CBS model and the Catalyst model.

It's a difference of about $45. As far as I can tell, the main benefit to the Catalyst is Cisco's Cloud dashboard. I don't need or want that. I'll handle everything through a VPN connection back to the house and honestly, I don't see myself needing to interface with the switch much after I get it set up. If the cloud dashboard is the only difference then I'll just save the $45 and get the CBS model.

But I wanted to ask you all if there's something else I'm missing that might make the Catalyst a better choice?

Thanks!--

Hey all,

I'm looking to build a small half rack server set in my house and was wondering if there were any tools that let me build out a solution? I'm worried I'm going to forget something and just wanted it all listed out as I think of things.

Yeah I can probably build it out and keep track of it in Obsidian or Excel or something, I was just curious if there were server builder tools like there are PC builder tools?

I mainly want to make sure I get a rack big enough for the few pieces I want to put in it as well as I want to try to calculate the power draw and BTU output which I imagine will be pretty minimal. I just would like hard numbers to know for sure.

Thanks!

Been planning to migrate from my Supermicro monolith server for a while and finally finished the migration. Red thing is opnsense on an APU engine, Lenovos run a proxmox cluster, below is a mini PC with attached JBOD running TrueNAS.

Next step is to get another shelf for my Raspi and openDTU.

I am currently running a FreeBSD system on an old Dell Optiplex 790 (i3 2100) that has been upgraded a bit.

It has 16G of ram, and 5 hard drives: 1TiB SATA SSD, where the OS itself is installed, using UFS+/FFS filesystem.

The other 4 are 3TiB SAS drives, connected to an LSI 9300 HBA, and are in a ZFS raidz1 configuration.

I would prefer to stick with FreeBSD, but would also consider TrueNAS Core (also FreeBSD based).

Here's the problem. The 5 hard drives don't quite fit into the case. The side panel won't close completely due to the SAS connectors being slightly larger than the original SATA connectors the case was designed for.

My budget is sub $300.

I've seen a few 2U and 4U servers on eBay that seem to fit the bill. My concern is that energy usage would be significantly higher than it is now.

Any suggestions for alternative ideas that keep my existing storage would be much appreciated.

A recent storm damaged the siding of my house so I'll have to have it replaced. The thought occurred to me to run some network cabling behind the new siding (and likely new insulation) while its all pulled off. Should I run standard riser cabling or outdoor-rated cabling if I do so?

Obviously the most ideal solution is standard in-wall but I don't have the appetite for such a project given half the house was built in the 19th century and I know such an undertaking would involve quite a few surprises that I almost definitely lack the know-how to handle, and I'll probably be moving in a couple of years so I don't want to invest too much time or money into the endeavor.

Alternatively is there a good type of conduit I could run instead?

I’m looking to switch. I like to tinker and try new things.

Replies I’d like to see:

Tell me what OS you’re using! What do you like about it? What don’t you like? What is your primary use for it?

I don’t just want recommendations for my use cases, though I’ll list it below. I want to learn what’s out there and what’s possible.

My Use Cases:

I’m currently using QTS that was preloaded on a QNAP NAS that I got used.

My main goal is to do more self-hosting. I want to be as independent and self-sustainable as possible. Like many of us, I’m burnt out on being treated as a product by big tech.

I’d also like to try to set up a game server for my Steam library.

Really, I just like to tinker. I like when things break or don’t go according to plan. I like to research a problem and fix it!

So I need help with a split dns approach, or a direct fix, normally when running my tunnel on the simplest configuration I get this error:

Couldn't resolve SRV record &{region1.v2.argotunnel.com. 7844 1 1}: lookup region1.v2.argotunnel.com. on 10.43.0.10:53: read udp 172.16.91.156:54443->10.43.0.10:53: i/o timeout

When I tried to change the nameserver to cloudflare to make it accessible I get this error:

2025-04-07T10:06:38Z ERR  error="Unable to reach the origin service. The service may be down or it may not be responding to traffic from cloudflared: dial tcp: lookup traefik on 1.1.1.1:53: no such host" connIndex=3 event=1 ingressRule=3 originService=http://traefik/
2025-04-07T10:06:38Z ERR Request failed error="Unable to reach the origin service. The service may be down or it may not be responding to traffic from cloudflared: dial tcp: lookup traefik on 1.1.1.1:53: no such host" connIndex=3 dest=https://nextcloud.spidershomelab.xyz/index.php/204 event=0 ip=198.41.200.233 type=http

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: tunnel
  labels:
    app: tunnel
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: tunnel
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: tunnel
    spec:
      dnsPolicy: None
      dnsConfig:
        nameservers:
          - 1.1.1.1
          - 10.43.0.10
#        searches:
#          - default.svc.cluster.local
      hostNetwork: true
      containers:
        - name: tunnel
          image: cloudflare/cloudflared:latest
          args:
            - tunnel
            - --no-autoupdate
            - run
          env:
            - name: TUNNEL_TOKEN
              valueFrom:
                configMapKeyRef:
                  name: env
                  key: CLOUDFLARE_TUNNEL_TOKEN
      restartPolicy: Always

Anyone know why cf tunnels is asking the wrong DNS server? I know i specified 1.1.1.1 but it should have also asked kubedns as I specified its ip I do have to specify its nameserver or else it does not work, it wont be able to connect to their argotunnel domain without going through 1.1.1.1

kube-dns   ClusterIP   10.43.0.10   <none>        53/UDP,53/TCP,9153/TCP   12d

also its the correct ip I would like it, if you cant give direct advice, to try this deployment, and add a custom dns server that idk, configures it so that correct ip queries goes to 1.1.1.1 and the rest kubedns, i dried coredns, and other dns servers and I couldnt get anything to work I am trying the nameserver 1.1.1.1 because otherwise I get the error mentioned above. and no, I am not running a firewall nor anything that should block it outside of k8s, as it runs perfectly fine on the host.