5mg Valerate every 3 days is a lot. I know the half-life sucks, I actually get incredibly bad mood swings on it, which is why I DIY Cypionate despite having a Valerate prescription. My insurance doesn't cover Cypionate, and I need letters from my HRT doc for surgery, so I just pretend I'm taking the Valerate I'm filling every month. This is so concerningly high, that honestly I'd cut it down to 3mg every 5 days (please note than I am not a doctor, but I based my recommendation on the tool I used to dose myself on DIY, and you can see both dosages compared here, just keep in mind that >800pg/mL at trough suggests your body retains significantly more estradiol than expected, so these are likely gross underestimates). You seem to be at the extreme for absorption, far higher than is typically expected at your current dose. Please do remember that it can take a couple months for hormone levels to stabilize, which may be why your last dose seemed lower than expected (though 300pg/mL is still exceptionally high for an EV trough). Give it at least 3 months from a dosage change until you get labs done to ensure they have stabilized.
And yes, when looking at cis girls, high estradiol can actually stunt their growth and development. SHBG is often an indicator for that, but there isn't a significant amount of research on this topic, so it's up in the air. I tend to exercise extreme caution, however, and have minimized my dosage of Estradiol Cypionate. There is at least some evidence that super high dose estradiol early on HRT treatment can cause stunted growth of breasts (halting in Tanner stage 4 and lower final breast size), but it's not clear if that applies to high dose estradiol after awhile on HRT. The real answer is "we need more research to form a conclusive answer." However, I will say that breast development continues after year 3, as was evidenced in a recent study (I believe in The Netherlands?), and the only reason that 3 year mark was provided is because that's when previous testing stopped in practically every study beforehand. The researchers simply didn't extend the data beyond 3 years. You can experience significant breast growth at any point during HRT. We sometimes see development into a cisgender woman's 20s, so it can take many years, as breast development in trans women is very similar.