litchralee

joined 2 years ago
[–] litchralee@sh.itjust.works 14 points 1 day ago (2 children)

TIL the EAS broadcast on WX band doesn't include a digital sub carrier with a text version of the audio warning. That's an amazing omission, since even the nationwide timekeeping signal out of Colorado has both an audio and digital mode.

[–] litchralee@sh.itjust.works 9 points 2 days ago* (last edited 2 days ago) (1 children)

That is an opinion, but certainly isn't settled law in any jurisdiction. Indeed, the answer to whether some, all, or none of an LLM's output is ever copyrightable and under what terms is the billion dollar question.

A project that incorporates code with shaky legal foundation will find it tough to convince others to contribute, if it's possible one day that their contributions were in vain. The right answer would be to extricate such code upon discovery, like what OpenBSD had to do when the IPFilter license turned out to be incompatible with the project.

[–] litchralee@sh.itjust.works 3 points 3 days ago (1 children)

If your patching an external library, please try to do what you can in the moment to formulate the patch in such a way that the upstream can accept it.

[–] litchralee@sh.itjust.works 5 points 5 days ago* (last edited 5 days ago)

No constitution, no hard checks and balances

I'm an American, but IIRC, the UK does have an unwritten constitution, one that incorporates all the landmark legislation over a millennium. That is to say, rather than a dedicated, singular document that "constitutes" the boundary of the law, the British look to their still-active laws to ascertain what core rights and responsibilities must exist, and extrapolate from there. If this sounds wishy-washy, it's remarkably no different to how the USA Constitution is interpreted, under the "living document" doctrine. That doctrine in American law simultaneous recognizes that: 1) the exact text of the constitutional provisions must be adhered to (this is a basic tenant of "rule of law", and 2) those provisions may extend to analogous situations. Right-wing conservatives over here attempt to ignore the second, adopting the so-called doctrine of "textualism" (which would only recognize strictly the first aspect) but this "doctrine" only seems to be cited out when it's convenient, and hand-waved away when it's not. Hardly a doctrinal approach.

As an example of what is universally understood as being part of the British constitution, see the Magna Carta. Many of its provisions might no longer be part of the formal British body of law, but were translated into formal statute law, with its lineage acknowledged when it comes up in civil rights litigation. The current status makes the Magna Carta more akin to the US Declaration of Independence, which formally grants or recognizes zero rights but is still important in American constitutional jurisprudence. In that sense, the Declaration of Independence is a part of the supplementary body of the American constitution.

As for checks and balances, since the UK adopts the notion of parliamentary supremacy -- and still does, even after the creation of the UK Supreme Court in the 21st Century -- the checks exist within the Westminster parliamentary system. As currently formulated, the UK Parliament is composed of a lower and upper house, with the former seating representatives of the people and the latter seating representatives of .... nobility? The church? I'll just say that the House of Lords represents the "establishment". Not like "deep state capital-E Establishment" but just the institutions at-large. In that sense, the check-and-balance is one where the populist will is anchored by institutional momentum.

Is this alright? Personally -- and again, I'm an American, not a UK citizen -- it does seem rather backwards that the PM can advise the Monarch to create and appoint more hereditary peers in the House of Lords, which could stack parliament against the interest of the citizenry. I think the existence of bicameral legislative bodies to be an anachronism, especially in the USA where both end up being population-based (because prior court rulings ruled that land-based representation was unconstitutional, except the US Senate). The Nebraska unicameral legislature shows what can be done when the law-making process (committees, 1st reading, 2nd reading, floor vote, etc...) is consolidated, where testimony doesn't have to be taken twice and citizens need only voice public comment at one committee.

But I digress.

No guarantee of stability, a new govt can repeal any of the previous govt’s laws

Yes, and no. The UK has a very rich tradition of inking out their party platforms, to the point that when a new government and party are in power, it's not at all a surprise what laws they will change. Indeed, it would have been obvious for months to years, since the minority party forms the "shadow government", which is basically a demo to the citizens about what the government would look like if they were in power. Note to fellow Americans: "shadow" in this case does not mean nefarious, but rather that each designated person from the minority will "shadow" the actual minister (eg Dept for Transport) and thus go on TV to give interviews about how the minority party would have done things differently. If a journalist needs to fill airtime with multiple points-of-view, going to the shadow minister on that topic is a quick way to get an opposing perspective.

The only question then, in terms of stability, is which party prevails after an election. In this sense, while there may not be absolute continuity, there is still practical continuity: businesses and individuals can make plans in advance when they learn what's in the platform of the minority party, can start actioning those plans if the party has a likelihood of winning an election, can brace for change if a close election is called, and ultimately be ready for when the new party takes power and implements their changes. It's a pragmatic approach: change is the only constant, so might as well give sufficient notice when things do change. I would offer Brexit as an example of managed chaos, since the lead-up to the election made it very clear that the UK might indeed fall out of the European Union. And indeed, they did, but only after 4-ish years of uncertainty and negotiations, which while extraordinarily tumultuous for the country, did not somehow devolve into wholesale governmental collapse or the sudden breakdown of civic life. So even in a near-worst case scenario that changed the very fabric of the UK's legal situation, it's still holding on. Not too shabby.

As for repealing "any" prior law, technically yes. But the institutional inertia is partially what blunts this power. Public advocacy organizations are -- to this American -- seemingly more transparent in their operations, and astroturfing is less an issue because of open-transparency when it comes to forming a legal company at Companies House. Likewise, the interests of businesses, the Church of England, the universities, workers unions, etc all find representation somewhere. So it's much harder than, say in the USA, to ignore whole segments of the population to make sweeping changes.

[–] litchralee@sh.itjust.works 7 points 5 days ago* (last edited 5 days ago) (1 children)

In English, the example I would proffer is "attorney general", which as-written refers to the chief lawyer that advises a state (sometimes exceedingly badly). But if reversed, "general attorney" could plausibly refer to a lawyer that can take on any type of legal work, not self-limited to ones within a particular specialty (eg divorce law, personal injury, copyright, etc).

This is in the realm of postnominal adjectives, although not all reversals will yield recognizable phrases, and some will be nonsensical, like "the incarnate devil".

I have a suspicion that the closest that English gets to the Japanese kanji-switch might be in technical writing, specifically for the name for pharmaceuticals. Such names are often order-specific, because they draw from the chemical structure of a molecule. From the minimal Japanese that I know -- thanks anime! -- I'm aware that the word for "carbon monoxide" is composed of one carbon and one oxygen. But if I were a chemist or pharmacist, I might recognize the root components in the names "paracetamol" and "acetaminophen", which are the same thing.

[–] litchralee@sh.itjust.works 9 points 6 days ago

I was going to write about how an existing tax agency (the California FTB) is already aggressive at tracking down high-earning residents that leave the state -- whether in-fact or on-paper -- in order to collect precisely what the state is owed per the tax code. That is, the FTB already engages and challenges the precise amounts that these former residents write on their final California tax returns, with some more spectacular results being some incredibly detailed timelines for when someone finally stops being a resident in California, as defined in state law.

But then I noticed that because of California's proposed wealth tax (aka Billionaire Tax) on the November 2026 ballot, the SF Chronicle has already started a series of articles to answer the specific what-and-hows of the wealth tax. This is the first article, pertaining to enforcement, and it agrees that the FTB would be capable of pursuing any high-wealth individuals that the proposal would tax. https://www.sfchronicle.com/california/article/ca-billionaire-tax-mechanism-21330110.php

This proposed tax in California is written as a one-time tax, so the question of whether high-wealthy people could flee the state is nearly irrelevant, because either they're subject to the tax or they're beyond the reach of the US courts (eg Venus). Almost. The remaining questions are legal in nature, and don't really change how the tax would be pursued. Whether FTB simply hires a dedicated team or outsources to private investigators, the task is still straightforward: follow the money.

Unlike civil lawsuit plaintiffs, who have more limited means of chasing down a defendant's assets in order to get paid on a judgement, the California tax authorities enjoy the benefit of the subpoena power, that can be used to compel companies and banks to tell the tax authorities about where and how wealth is being held. It is, after all, a core power of a US state to administer a tax, especially when the tax is authorized directly from the sovereign power (ie the citizenry). Any other result would conflict with the very purpose of a republic: to unyieldingly serve the people.

[–] litchralee@sh.itjust.works 1 points 1 week ago* (last edited 1 week ago)

(short on time, so here's an overview to answer part of the question)

All password managers that are worth their salt (cryptography pun intended) have to anchor their trust to something, be it the OS's secret-storing APIs or a piece of hardware like a TPM (typically built into your machine's motherboard), an HSM (eg Yubikey) device, or an external source of authentication outright (eg a smart card, akin to what the USA Military does). Without any sort of trust anchor, a password manager is little else than a random program that happens to invoke a few cryptographic algorithms. It would be almost trivial for a malicious actor to use a bog-standard debugger like GDB to read the program's memory and steal the secrets, either after it has been conveniently decrypted by the program or by spying on the program while it performs the cryptographic algorithms.

Since a password manager runs within an OS, meaning that you already have to trust that your OS isn't an NSA backdoor, it makes sense to rely on the OS for storage of secrets. What the password manager does is provide the frontend for adding/updating secrets from the OS's store, while also making sure to authenticate the user prior to allowing access to the store of secrets. Once again, this is where hardware modules can come into play, but it can also be done using a main password. That is, you need to unlock the password manager before the secrets it contains are available for use.

Rather conveniently, the OS can also provide this authentication functionality: if you have already successfully logged into the computer, then that's a form of authentication. The most basic-but-reasonably-secure password manager would use two APIs to offload the difficulty tasks to the OS: the authentication API and the secrets API. That's the absolute bare minimum.

What Firefox's password manager provides, by default, is exactly that. But you can choose to upgrade to a Firefox-specific main password, so that if you forget to lock the computer, someone can't just open Firefox and use your secrets. This is one step above the minimum for a reasonably secure password manager, but it comes with the inconvenience of having to unlock the password manager every time you want to use a secret.

By and large, all password managers make these types of tradeoffs between convenience and additional layers of protection against certain threats. If your machine is inside the vault of Fort Knox and is actively guarded by people with machine guns and a keycard bullet proof door, then Firefox password manager is plenty acceptable.

Whereas a shared home computer in a situation where the disclosure of the secrets would cause a grave problem -- eg if an irate person finds that their spouse has a login for the local family court's online website, which might suggest a forthcoming divorce proceeding -- this might make sense to add additional layers. Indeed, some password managers can provide a decoy set of secrets, as a way of forming plausible deniability. If your situation needs plausible deniability, then Firefox's built-in password manager might not fit the bill.

I want to stress that using any password manager at all is already a massive improvement in security posture, and that any additional features and frills are merely refinements. Some folks are in high-risk situations where they cannot accept the possibility of off-device secrets synchronization, which would rule out Firefox password manager. But if you don't have such requirements, and if you can trust your OS, then you can also trust Firefox to store and manage secrets.

I have a rule which is that when anyone asserts that something is "more secure" or "more performant", they need to come with specific evidence for those claims. IMO, those two phrases are often used to "handwave" away any criticism for the asserted position, as a form of thought-termination. I would suggest that you always ask "more secure from what threat?" in response to such empty assertions. If they answer you with a specific scenario, then you can assess for yourself if that even applies to you. If they cannot answer with specificity, then Hitchen's Razor should apply.

[–] litchralee@sh.itjust.works 13 points 1 week ago (1 children)

without always accounting for development speed, cross-platform consistency, ecosystem maturity, plugin/runtime complexity, UI flexibility, and the fact that some apps are doing much more than others

From the perspective of a user, why would they care about development speed? A user, by sheer definition of wanting to use the software, can only use software that is already developed. If it's not actually developed yet... they can't use it. So either they see the software at the end of the development cycle, or they never see it at all. Development speed simply isn't relevant to a user at that point. (exception: video games, but I'm not aware of any desktop game developed using a web framework)

As for platform consistency, again, why would the user care? Unless each user is actually running the same software on multiple platforms (ie a Windows user at work, Arch at home, and BSD at their side-gig), this is a hard sell to get users to care. A single-platform user might never see what the same software looks like on any other platform. Even mobile apps necessarily differ in ways that matter, so consistency is already gone there.

What I'm getting at is that the concerns of developers will not always be equally concerning to users. For users to care would be to concern themselves with things outside of their control; why would they do that?

[–] litchralee@sh.itjust.works 41 points 1 week ago (1 children)

Obligatory links:

Falsehoods that programmers think about dates and times: https://infiniteundo.com/post/25326999628/falsehoods-programmers-believe-about-time

Tom Scott descends into time and timezone madness: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-5wpm-gesOY

I've personally never worked with ISO 8601 directly, and quite frankly prefer how RFC 3339 simply doesn't deal with weeks at all.

[–] litchralee@sh.itjust.works 0 points 1 week ago (1 children)

Was this question also posted a few weeks ago?

In any case, what exactly are the requirements here? You mentioned encrypted journaling app, but also gave an example of burning a handwritten sheet. Do you need to recover the text after it is written, or can it simply be discarded into the void once it's been fully written out?

If encryption is to protect the document while it's still a draft, then obviously that won't work for handwritten pages.

[–] litchralee@sh.itjust.works 5 points 1 week ago

At least for Lemmy -- I have no idea about kbin or other ActivityPub software -- there isn't a user-accessible way to back up one's account on an instance, nor to preserve any communities that you're a mod for. So yeah, if the instance goes down unexpectedly like due to data loss or an FBI raid, the communities and users that were on that instance will disappear.

It's true that other servers will have a cache of some of the existing community posts and the users on the departed server. But it's exactly that: a cache, which will eventually be evicted.

A similar situation occurs when a Lemmy instance changes domain name: all prior posts to the community (and the community itself) were homed to the old domain. So a new domain cannot have the same identity as the old; it will simply be a separate entity, even if all posts were somehow preserved and reposted on the new instance.

Is this Lemmy-specific? No, Mastodon and I think all other ActivityPub software, plus BlueSky have this property, because they anchor identities to DNS names. From that, the posts to a community are anchored to the instance, and the instance is anchored to DNS.

So if the domain is lost, then it's game over. But if the domain is still there but the disk got wiped, then it would be a matter of recovery from a backup. You do have a 3-2-1 backup strategy, right?

I will note that Mastodon has a user-initiated export feature, which functions as a backup, something that Lemmy doesn't have. A Mastodon user can export their data and then move their identity to a new instance. Lemmy can't do that today, but it should be possible. Though in both cases, only the saved account is preserved. To restore a Lemmy community would require a disk-level backup image.

(this is all conjecture based on my limited knowledge of Lemmy. A better answer would come from an instance admin or one of the Lemmy devs)

[–] litchralee@sh.itjust.works 7 points 1 week ago* (last edited 1 week ago)

128 MB (1024 Mb) of RAM, 32 MB (256 Mb) of Flash

FYI, RAM and flash sold to consumers is always in Bytes (big B); it's only RAM manufacturers (and EEPROMs) that use the bit (small b) designation for storage volume, I think. If you're using both to avoid any confusion, I would suggest the following instead: 128 MByte. No one will ever get that confused with megabits, and it's the same style used for data transfer, which does still use bits: Mbit/sec.

I wish you the best of luck in your search.

 

The money quote:

VTA buses and light rail carried 30,000 people to and from Levi's Stadium, according to the agency. That was 5,000 more than they anticipated and "far surpassing" ridership records set when Taylor Swift played there in 2023.

 

As background from the Wikipedia page, the Anaheim Transit Network (ATN) was established as a city-sponsored non-profit in 1998 to operate bus lines around the Disneyland resort in California, with private funding from the various hotels in the area to run this public bus system. These hotels are obliged to operate or pay for shuttles to Disneyland as part of their development agreements with the city, presumably to avoid untold amounts of automobile traffic.

As the linked press release says, ATN will shutter its operations on 31 March 2026. The area will still be served by Orange County Transportation Authority (OCTA), the county-wide bus service, but looking at the bus lines near Disneyland, coverage seems non-optimal as a replacement to ATN's service.

Other reporting indicates that the City of Anaheim was unwilling to invest further into ATN (despite earlier indications), nor were the hotel operators.

What I find utterly inexplicable is that these stakeholders -- especially the city -- are not recognizing this fact: data from Q3 2025 shows that ATN fixed-buses moved 96,300 average daily riders. From the same document, the USA's heavy rail systems did not exceed that rate, except in the San Francisco, Washington DC, Atlanta, Chicago, Boston, and NY/NJ areas. Basically, ATN was moving metro rail levels of people on buses.

I shudder to imagine how bad this will be for Anaheim once the closure occurs, where workers, visitors, and all other former riders will need to figure out how to move around Anaheim. Ride share automobiles hardly have enough capacity to absorb even a fraction of the prior riders, let alone more automobiles, even if they all carpooled. And seeing as many visitors to Disneyland use the buses to stay at farther hotels to reduce costs, this is a negative attraction. The difficulty of car-seats on ride share made the buses particularly attractive to transport younger children safely.

Each individual hotel operator made an economic choice to not properly fund ATN, but together they will all lose out. Likewise, I don't see how the City of Anaheim is going to make up the transportation capacity around the Disneyland area. Disneyland itself isn't party to the agreement that funds ATN, but they do contract with ATN to shuttle visitors from a far-flung parking lot. But they too will be impacted if staff and guests can't afford to get to the park.

Everyone is going to be worse off, and no one is stepping up to the plate to keep the buses rolling, when it's clearly the obvious thing to do.

 

To make it easier for the haulers, I sort my flattened cardboard boxes by size, and then insert the smaller ones within the larger ones, rotated 90 degrees. That way, they can grab larger bundles at once.

To me, this is less effort than the Japanese approach of using twine to tie bundles of cardboard together.

 

Every so often, I think about how much electric power my house consumes at all hours, even when it's the dead of night and nothing is really being used. So this morning, I went out and flipped each breaker off, one by one slowly, while watching the instantaneous kilowatt reading on the electric meter and taking observations.

This took about 20 minutes for all circuits, and then I honed in on the suspicious circuits, the ones which don't have a known appliance like a fridge which should always be running. Years ago, when I moved into this house, I drew out a map which describes which outlets and appliances belong to which circuit.

The two suspicious circuits were the living room and bedroom circuits, and armed with a Kill-o-watt, I ended up finding that my very old Bose Companion 5 desktop speakers will draw 23 Watts doing absolutely zilch. And my 2018-era Roku TCL so-called "smart" TV draws 20 Watts when it's "off".

I've been meaning to replace the Bose speakers -- due to a separate issue where the mute button only works half the time, and horrific Linux support -- and a friend recently offered to sell me some reference speakers that I can pair with a Class D amplifier, one which has a physical on/off switch.

For the TV, I'm not exactly sure what to replace it with, since I was going to wait until it died and replace it with a commercial-spec display, one that has no remnants of "smart TV" anything. I don't allow my TV to even have a network connection or WiFi, so it really shouldn't be doing anything. So I guess in the meantime, I'll just pull the plug when I'm not watching; at least it's easy to reach.

EDIT: the TV is now showing inconsistent results. It will occasionally drop down to a more-reasonable 0.1 Watt. But it might also remain at the aforementioned 20 Watts. Not entirely sure what it's doing, whether just sitting there or staying on for a while after turning "off" the TV.

 

cross-posted from: https://sh.itjust.works/post/50842014

When I moved into my home many years ago, there was this lock-box mounted to the water main on the side of the house. I figured it was one of those used by real-estate agents to store the house key for viewings, but months passed and it still remained there. No one from my buyer's agent's office had a clue what this was, and the seller of the house had already moved out-of-state.

Recently, I had some plumbing work done, and that also included replacing the main water valve for the house, allowing this lock box to come free from the plumbing. Now inspecting it up close, and looking up the model online, I realized that it has an alphabet wheel and uses a three-letter combination.

As it happens, Thanksgiving weekend was upon me, and since I was bored, I figured I'd try all the possible combinations. Just 17,576 possible combinations, how bad could it be?

The most immediate problem was that due to being out in the elements, the dial did not turn easily. It would move, but was rather rough. And since the knob is only ~1 cm diameter, this is an incredibly un-ergonomic endeavor. I had to stop after the first 100 tries, due to the finger exhaustion.

Knowing this would be untenable for the long-run, I decided to build my way out of this problem. Since a combo lock involves making rotations that almost go all the way around, I drew inspiration from rotary telephone dials, where one's finger starts with the intended number and then swivels the dial around.

But whereas a rotary telephone dial only needs 10 positions, I needed to fit 26 positions, one for each letter. I decided on each hole being 17 mm to comfortably fit any of my fingers, but that also dictated the overall diameter of the wheel. But that's good, since a larger diameter wheel means more leverage to overcome the rough lock movement. It also happens to be that this wheel has a diameter of 180 mm, which is just enough to fit in the 200 mm bed of my 3d printer.

Using FreeCAD, I designed this wheel so that it fits around the splines of the lockbox dial, which held remarkably well. I had thought I would need Blu Tack or something to keep it together.

CAD design for lockbox dial wheel

Using this wheel, I'm able to "dial" combinations much quicker using one hand, while holding the lockbox with my other hand to press the lever down to test the combination. This should be good.

(note: some parts of this story were altered to not give away identifying details)

 

When I moved into my home many years ago, there was this lock-box mounted to the water main on the side of the house. I figured it was one of those used by real-estate agents to store the house key for viewings, but months passed and it still remained there. No one from my buyer's agent's office had a clue what this was, and the seller of the house had already moved out-of-state.

Recently, I had some plumbing work done, and that also included replacing the main water valve for the house, allowing this lock box to come free from the plumbing. Now inspecting it up close, and looking up the model online, I realized that it has an alphabet wheel and uses a three-letter combination.

As it happens, Thanksgiving weekend was upon me, and since I was bored, I figured I'd try all the possible combinations. Just 17,576 possible combinations, how bad could it be?

The most immediate problem was that due to being out in the elements, the dial did not turn easily. It would move, but was rather rough. And since the knob is only ~1 cm diameter, this is an incredibly un-ergonomic endeavor. I had to stop after the first 100 tries, due to the finger exhaustion.

Knowing this would be untenable for the long-run, I decided to build my way out of this problem. Since a combo lock involves making rotations that almost go all the way around, I drew inspiration from rotary telephone dials, where one's finger starts with the intended number and then swivels the dial around.

But whereas a rotary telephone dial only needs 10 positions, I needed to fit 26 positions, one for each letter. I decided on each hole being 17 mm to comfortably fit any of my fingers, but that also dictated the overall diameter of the wheel. But that's good, since a larger diameter wheel means more leverage to overcome the rough lock movement. It also happens to be that this wheel has a diameter of 180 mm, which is just enough to fit in the 200 mm bed of my 3d printer.

Using FreeCAD, I designed this wheel so that it fits around the splines of the lockbox dial, which held remarkably well. I had thought I would need Blu Tack or something to keep it together.

CAD design for lockbox dial wheel

Using this wheel, I'm able to "dial" combinations much quicker using one hand, while holding the lockbox with my other hand to press the lever down to test the combination. This should be good.

(note: some parts of this story were altered to not give away identifying details)

 

I happened across a QR code outside of Vancouver, Washington's City Hall about the current progress of selecting a new flag for the city. The thumbnail of this post is the current flag. There are six finalists under current consideration.

I personally like...Vancouver Washington flag finalist number 6 Finalist flag #3 by Nathan Hunter. It is geometrically simple yet depicts the history as a fort along the river. If this were a map, a simple square would indicate a fortification or building, so this makes sense to me. The creator also notes of the subtle letter V, although I'm not sure I would have seen that.

Also, I like that the colors are unconventional yet meaningful. The natural inclination for coloring a river would be blue, but white makes more sense here as the river also forms the border between the US States of Washington and Oregon, precisely where Vancouver is located. That the top half uses the green from Washington's flag, and the bottom half using blue (almost) from Oregon's (bizarrely two-sided) flag, is icing on the cake.

Do I think this flag also looks like the square-root symbol from mathematics? Yes, but that's why it would be a good flag: many ways to depict and ways to riff on any perceived similarities. Much like the UK's Union Jack, the more that a design can be remixed yet still recognizable, that should make for a better flag. That's why I personally prefer fewer squiggly lines on flags that depict rivers, because ultimately, most people don't orient their mental picture of a city based on squiggly lines, but rather with straight lines. See how the London Tube map was created.

For a smaller town like Vancouver -- overshadowed by the major Canadian city of the same name, and by adjacent Portland south of the river -- depicting the geographical position is more relatable than describing the abysmal Pacific Northwest weather, flannel, or whatever else stereotypes may exist but aren't Vancouver, WA-specific. So I think a geographic flag makes sense in this context.

 

Reposted from heckin_sick (on IG) after DMing him for permission.

 

FortNine as a YouTube channel mostly covers motorbikes but on-and-off will do some bicycle and ebike content. Being YouTube, the clickbait-esque title is customary but the video is a look at where the fastest, heaviest, not-strictly-legal "ebikes" blur into the low-end of motorbikes.

The specimen in question is, from all that was pointed out in the video, rather abysmal by motorbike standards but par for the course by consumer goods standards. This includes:

  • An obnoxious startup introduction to remind you that their brand name is pronounced Aniioki
  • Illogical rear suspension design
  • Complete disregard for Canadian and British Columbian ebike classifications
  • Questionable chain design that keeps falling off the chainring
  • A throttle with huge delay before reacting
  • And more!

But the paltry nature of this particular ebike wasn't my main takeaway. It's that ebikes at-large are filling a gap in the market, where young people want mobility without the expenses and licensure of motorbikes. Here in California, the chasm between legal ebikes and motorbikes is so wide that I would imagine the same statistics could be found here as FortNine found in Canada. And it makes perfect sense: cheaper, lighter, electric, nimble, and unencumbered by frivolities like highway roadworthiness. For getting around town or to work, it makes perfect sense.

That said, they also touched upon the very real problems faced by faster ebikes (legal or not) today. Motorists -- because let's face it, most problems of micromobility are caused in large part by automobiles -- might expect to see a motorbike doing the speed limit, but not an ebike doing 2/3 of the speed limit. A USA Class 3 ebike can legally do 45 kph (28 MPH) and while that's slower than typical speed limits here of 35 or 45 MPH, the problem arises when there's enough motor vehicle congestion that slows motorists to about the same speed. And that's where the conflict shows up, such as when a car enters the road from a driveway.

Do I think it's a bit silly to bring a 150+ lbs "ebike" onto the ferry, or dangerous to ride along a multi-use trail on the side of a bridge when there are also pedestrians? Absolutely! But again, I think the takeaway is that the times are changing and preparations must be made in anticipation.

The absolute worse-case would be if these overpowered two-wheelers unlawfully dressed up as ebikes were to proliferate to the point that it's total chaos on the roads. At that point, Pandora's Box cannot be closed. Thus, it behooves us to mitigate that situation by, among other things:

  • Build actual infrastructure for riders on bikes and ebikes, that isn't doing double-duty as pedestrian or recreational paths
  • Incentivize legal, battery-safe ebikes to stave off a glut of illegal, shoddily-made "ebikes"
  • Make existing bikes more useful with destination improvements, like bike lockers or secure/valet bike parking
  • Seize road space currently used for motor vehicles, and do anything else with it. Parklets, public toilets, bioswale, donut shop.
  • Expand public transportation options, for anyone who can't/won't ride a bike, but also as range-extension for anyone who wants to do bus+bike

The premise of a well-built city is that it shouldn't require a two-ton automobile just to buy milk. I would further the sentiment with the opinion that a 160+ lbs two-wheeler also shouldn't be necessary to travel across Vancouver in a timely fashion. We can, in-fact, build our way out of this future problem but only by starting right now.

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submitted 6 months ago* (last edited 6 months ago) by litchralee@sh.itjust.works to c/woodworking@lemmy.ca
 

Hi! I've only posted here maybe once, but I'm looking to change that and have been working to improve my joinery.

Specifically, I recently had the geometric realization that adjusting the horizontal angle on my miter saw is one of the least precise adjustments I can make, when trying to make two cuts that add up to 90 degrees. So instead, I now set the angle for the smaller angle, make the first cut, then set the workpiece for the second piece using a square against the fence. Basically, I'm rotating the piece so it's 90 degrees to the saw fence, and that lets me cut the complementary angle without realigning the saw angle.

The new problem is that because I'm still using slightly-warped and slightly-twisty stock, the surfaces aren't terribly great for gluing up. In one case, I glued up one end of a diagonal brace but the other end was lifting up, off-plane. Hand sanding with a block helps, but more often than not, I end up rounding off the edges and glue leaks out. So I'm now seeking recommendations for a small hand plane, so that I can have better, flatter surfaces to glue together.

Is this the right approach? If I'm mostly working with narrow stock like 1x4-inch, is there a correct-sized hand plane to smooth out an end-grain on that small of stock? Apologies in advance for not really knowing all the right wood terminology. I'm still learning.

Ideally, I'd like to buy something that will be versatile and serviceable for a long time. So cost isn't too important, but ideally it'd be proportional to my (few) other tools. If I know what to look for, I'll keep my eye out for such a specimen while at the thrift store.

EDIT: To clarify, a use-case would be if I'm gluing a diagonal brace at mid-height of a post. If i had a plane, I could work the post so that it has a flat face, so that the brace won't deviate left/right. For the diagonal brace itself, I can mostly trust my miter saw to cut the angle reasonably plumb.

EDIT 2: Might I actually want a card scraper instead?

EDIT 3: y'all are awesome and I now have a fair number of suggestions to consider. I guess there goes all my disposable money for September, once I go visit the nearby woodworking shop.

 

I've put off the overhaul of my ebike's Bafang G510 mid-drive motor for so long that it has never actually been serviced since I bought it 3800 km ago. Over the past weeks, I slowly pulled the motor off the bike, carefully disassembled it, and found the rotor shaft gear in a poor state. Metal flecks were visible within the blackened grease, making a mess within the housing.

To get the sprockets off of the motor, I did have to obtain a deep-socket YC-29BB tool to remove the "spider" from the crank shaft. A standard wrench for the Bafang lock ring will not work, because the spider itself is in the way.

This motor has an all-metal gear arrangement, consisting of the primary gear axle which is coaxial with the cranks, a secondary gear axle, and a tertiary gear axle which is driven by the rotor shaft gear. It was the gears where the tertiary axle and rotor shafts meet which were substantially ground down, resulting in play between gears that causes additional wear every time the motor accelerates or decelerates.

top down view of dismantled Bafang G510 motor, showing the three reduction axles and the motor axle. The secondary axle has been removed for clarity

Note: some references online say that the G510 pre-2023 had a nylon gear. I could not locate any images of this, and my motor appeared to have all-metal parts. So idk.

Part of the issue is that the tertiary axle used a gear which isn't as deep as the rotor shaft's gear, resulting in wasted gear-to-gear surface area. A newer gear design for both the rotor and tertiary axle came out in 2023, and can be swapped in but requires recalibration of the motor.

So with the motor half disassembled, I figured the only sensible way forward was to order both the new rotor shaft and new tertiary axle, plus the CAN bus-specific Bafang dealer tool to perform the recalibration. I purchased these from greenbikekit.com, which didn't have the most intuitive ordering process but they did deliver in the end.

Perhaps the most arduous process was cleaning out all the old grease, which requires some solvent to shift. And even then, some crevices were unreachable without a very long cotton swab. In any case, I then re-greased using Permatex 80345 white lithium grease, since this has a higher temperature rating than typical white lithium grease, according to its data sheet. I obtained this from the local auto parts store, and this was the best I could get locally; Mobilgrease 28 was not available near me.

For the recalibration procedure, I knew that I wouldn't have -- nor would want to register for -- the Bafang dealer software to use with the programmer tool. Also, I'm a believer in the right-to-repair and having to beg for software is antithetical to this notion. Fortunately, someone has a FOSS project that can control the programmer and issue the recalibration command, among other neat features.

After dealing with a file permissions issue for /dev/usbhid2, the programmer was able to issue the calibration and the motor was set for reinstallation into the frame. This was basically all the earlier steps in reverse.

During testing, it is notable how much the new gears add the characteristic "whirling" sound of an electric motor. However, because the play within the gears was reduced and with new grease added, I found that the overall noise signature of the motor is substantially reduced. Also appreciated is how much less current the motor draws when riding at speed, compared to before the overhaul.

While it did take a while to assemble the parts and procedure for this endeavor, I am pleased with the results and would suggest periodic re-greasing for ebikes in regular service.

 

After some 3000 km, this mid-drive motor is grossly overdue for some maintenance. I can see the specks of eroded metal mixed in the dark, gunky remains of whatever factory grease they used in here.

I don't know where locally to get the Mobilegrease 28 that everyone recommends, but I did find some high-temp white lithium from the auto store. But just removing the old grease has already consumed half a roll of paper towel. And I can't exactly dunk a motor into gasoline as degreaser.

I'll carry on wiping.

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